Insights Concerning Photovoltaic Solar Panel Technology
There are 3 primary types of construction of PV panels. All of those described here utilize silicon.
Mono Crystalline cells are cut from one crystal of silicon- they are systematically a slice from a crystal. In looks, it has a gentle texture and you will be able to notice the thickness of the slice. These are the most efficient and the priciest to make.
Polycrystalline (or Multi Crystalline) cells are systematically a slice cut from a block of silicon, composing of a lot of crystals. They have got a speckled reflective physical appearance and again you can see the thickness of the slice.
Amorphous cells are produced by placing a thin film of amorphous (non crystalline) silicon onto a wide choice of areas. These are the least photovoltaic efficiency and most inexpensive to make of the three types. Because of the amorphous nature of the thin layer, it is flexible, and if produced on a flexible surface, the whole solar panel can be elastic.
Based on the chief idea that a solar cell receiving more light energy will create a lot more electricity, focusing photovoltaic solar panels basically include a method (typically using a lens or mirrors) to focus more sunlight onto a photovoltaic cell. As fewer cells are then necessary for the same area of panel (or light capturing area) it may then become economical to utilize an extremely beneficial multi junction cell.
Conceivably, this sort of panel has the following positive aspects:
- It has a higher overall proficiency, capturing more solar energy per meter squared contributing to a smaller area of panels required for a particular output. Resulting effectiveness levels can approach 50%.
- Possibly lower cost per watt of output caused by lower number of solar cells needed, while the material cost and production process of the optics (light concentration mechanism) is comparatively inexpensive.
- Lower utilization of environmentally unfriendly chemicals involved in the panel manufacturing process as a result of lower number of pv cells.
- Where the concentration is such that cooling of the photovoltaic module is needed, a panel may have the capability to output heat simultaneously as electricity.
However, there are downsides:
- In all but the lower levels of focus, heat must be dissipated from the cells. Cooling is needed as cell efficiency is significantly reduced at higher temperatures, or in intense situations, cells may be damaged.
- In all but the lower levels of concentration a tracker system will be needed to keep the concentrated light focused on the cells.
- As diffuse light cannot be effectively centered, concentrating PV panels are best suited to spots with a high level of very clear sunshine.
Though research has continued on focusing photovoltaic efficiency for many years, they have not made their mark on the industry, and exactly where they have been used, it has been in large scale projects. CPV panels that have been manufactured have come in "various shapes and sizes" with no definite design leading the field.
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